Academic Research Journal of Biological Sciences and Medicinal Plants
ARJBSMP
Academic Research Journal of Biological Sciences and Medicinal Plants (ARJBSMP)
Vol. 13(1), pp. 6 - 14, June, 2025.
DOI: 10.14662/ARJBSMP2025.040
ISSN:
Research Paper
Phytochemical Screening, Acute Toxicity Study and Antidiabetic Potential of Hydro-Methanolic Extract of Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Husk on Normal and Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Wistar Male Rats
Md. Akande, Titilayo1*, Salawu, Sule. Ola2 and Ayana, Terkimbi Daniell
11Department of Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria. 2Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. * to whom correspondence should be addressed: titilayomi2013@gmail.com or akande.titilayo@uam.edu.ng; +2348020790765 or +2347038636049
Accepted 20 June 2025
| Abstract |
The Phytochemical screening, acute toxicity and antidiabetic effect of the hydo-methanolic extract of Cocos nucifera L. husk on alloxan induced diabetic rats were investigated. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of a single dose of alloxan (150 mg/kg b.wt), after the confirmation of diabetes, extracts at two different dose levels (40 mg/kg and 400, mg/kg b.wt) and Glibenclamide 5 mg (Standard drug) were administered daily to alloxan induced diabetic rats for the period of 14 days. The experiment lasted for 21 days and within this period both blood glucose and body weight were measured at day 0, 3, 7 and 14. From the result of the oral toxicity study obtained, the oral minimum lethal dose (LD50) of hydo-methanolic extract of Cocos nucifera husk was calculated to be > 4000 mg/kg body weight of rats, showing that Cocos nucifera husk extract has no toxicity. The preliminary phytochemical screening test of hyro-methanolic husk extract of Cocos nucifera revealed the presence of phenols, terpenoids with high amount of tannins and moderate amount of alkaloids and cardiac glycoside while the test for flavonoids showed negative result. The presence of these various chemical compounds might be responsible for the physiological/biological activities of the plant. In this study, the body weight of all animals except those in the normal control group reduced upon induction and increases significantly throughout the experiment. Blood glucose levels decreased to 103.4 ± 21.08 significantly at (p<0.05) in diabetic treated with 40 mg/kg of the plant extract compared to 400 mg/kg which reduced to 144.75 ± 20.71 and that of 5mg of Glibenclamide . This reduces to 165.75 ± 41.40. Based on the result of this study, optimum antidiabetic effect was observed in the animal group treated with 40 mg/kg b.wt of hydo-methanolic extract of Cocos ncifera husk and this differ significantly at (p<0.05) from that of Glibenclamide-treated group. This finding scientifically proves its use for the treatment of diabetes.
KEYWORDS: Cocos nucifera, alloxan, Glibenclamide, diabetes.
Cite This Article As: Akande, T,, Salawu, S.O., Ayana, T.D. (2025). Phytochemical Screening, Acute Toxicity study and Antidiabetic Potential of Hydro-Methanolic Extract of Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Husk on Normal and Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Wistar Male Rats. Acad. Res. J. Bio. Sci. Med. Plants. 13(1): 6-14.